Urban Macrocells

Inheritance diagram of hermespy.channel.cdl.urban_macrocells.UrbanMacrocells, hermespy.channel.cdl.urban_macrocells.UrbanMacrocellsRealization

Implementation of an urban macrocell channel model. Refer to the Study on channel model for frequencies from 0.5 to 100 GHz[1] for detailed information.

The following minimal example outlines how to configure the channel model within the context of a Simulation:

 1# Initialize two devices to be linked by a channel
 2simulation = Simulation()
 3alpha_device = simulation.new_device(
 4    carrier_frequency=1e8, pose=Transformation.From_Translation(np.array([0., 0., 2.])))
 5beta_device = simulation.new_device(
 6    carrier_frequency=1e8, pose=Transformation.From_Translation(np.array([40., 40., 2.])))
 7
 8# Create a channel between the two devices
 9channel = UrbanMacrocells()
10simulation.set_channel(alpha_device, beta_device, channel)
11
12# Configure communication link between the two devices
13link = SimplexLink(alpha_device, beta_device)
14
15# Specify the waveform and postprocessing to be used by the link
16link.waveform = RRCWaveform(
17    symbol_rate=1e8, oversampling_factor=2, num_data_symbols=1000, 
18    num_preamble_symbols=10, pilot_rate=10)
19link.waveform.channel_estimation = SCLeastSquaresChannelEstimation()
20link.waveform.channel_equalization = SCZeroForcingChannelEqualization()
21
22# Configure a simulation to evaluate the link's BER and sweep over the receive SNR
23simulation.add_evaluator(BitErrorEvaluator(link, link))
24simulation.new_dimension('noise_level', dB(0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20), beta_device)
25
26# Run simulation and plot resulting SNR curve
27result = simulation.run()
28result.plot()
29plt.show()
class UrbanMacrocells(gain=1.0, delay_normalization=DelayNormalization.ZERO, oxygen_absorption=True, expected_state=None, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: ClusterDelayLineBase[UrbanMacrocellsRealization, O2IState], Serializable

3GPP cluster delay line preset modeling an urban macrocell scenario.

Parameters:
  • gain (float, optional) – Linear gain factor a signal amplitude experiences when being propagated over this realization. \(1.0\) by default.

  • delay_normalization (DelayNormalization, optional) – The delay normalization routine applied during channel sampling.

  • oxygen_absorption (bool, optional) – Model oxygen absorption in the channel. Enabled by default.

  • expected_state (LSST, optional) – Expected large-scale state of the channel. If None, the state is randomly generated during each sample of the channel’s realization.

  • **kwargs – Additional keyword arguments passed to the base class.

property max_num_clusters: int

Maximum number of clusters a realization will generate.

property max_num_rays: int

Maximum number of rays a realization will generate per cluster.

yaml_tag: Optional[str] = 'UMa'

YAML serialization tag.

class UrbanMacrocellsRealization(expected_state, state_realization, los_realization, nlos_realization, o2i_realization, parameters, sample_hooks, gain=1.0)[source]

Bases: ClusterDelayLineRealization[O2IState]

Realization of an urban street canyon cluster delay line model.

Parameters:
  • expected_state (O2IState | None) – Expected large-scale state of the channel. If not specified, the large-scale state is randomly generated.

  • state_realization (ConsistentRealization) – Realization of a spatially consistent random number generator for the large-scale state.

  • los_realization (ConsistentRealization) – Realization of a spatially consistent random number generator for small-scale parameters in the LOS state.

  • nlos_realization (ConsistentRealization) – Realization of a spatially consistent random number generator for small-scale parameters in the NLOS state.

  • o2i_realization (ConsistentRealization) – Realization of a spatially consistent random number generator for small-scale parameters in the O2I state.

  • parameters (ClusterDelayLineRealizationParameters) – General parameters of the cluster delay line realization.

  • sample_hooks (Set[ChannelSampleHook[ClusterDelayLineSample]]) – Hooks to be called when a channel sample is generated.

  • gain (float, optional) – Linear amplitude scaling factor if signals propagated over the channel.

classmethod From_HDF(group, parameters, sample_hooks)[source]
Return type:

UrbanMacrocellsRealization

to_HDF(group)[source]

Serialize the channel realization to HDF5.

Parameters:

group (Group) – HDF5 group to serialize the channel realization to.

Return type:

None